Also, observations and reflections upon what would probably be the consequences of an abolition of the slavetrade, and of the emancipation of the slaves. This article traces the arrival and the subsequent debates about the place of the tourist in sociology. Jan 01, 1984 usa in his introductory article to a special issue of this journal devoted to the anthropology of tourism, nelson graburn annals 10. Apr 14, 2005 in more recent times, however, it has been suggested that modern tourism has become the functional and symbolic equivalent of more traditional religious practices, such as festivals and pilgrimages. He is editor of ethnic and tourist arts 1976, anthropology of tourism 1983, tourism social sciences 1991, anthropology in the age of tourism 2009, tourism and globalization 2010 and tourism imaginaries at the disciplinary crossroads. The sacred journey anthropologist nelson graburn argues that a major characteristic of our conception of tourism is that it is not work, but a part of the recent invention, recreation, which is supposed to renew us for the workday world 1989 1977.
According to rinschede 1992, modern tourism began with the great religious tour organised by thomas cook in the mid19th century. Comparing tourism with pilgrimage, turner 1969 noted that the pilgrim contains structure and. Graburn the anthropology of tourism, though novel in itself, rests. Th e questions posed by the title concern the binary concepts.
Nelson graburn was educated in the classics and natural sciences at the kings school, canterbury, and. This entry traces some main contributions anthropologists have made to understanding tourism interactions since starting to study them in the 1970s. This course explores tourism and travel as a way of understanding modern society. The magnificent old temples and shrines are the major attractions for the more than 40 million annual tourists, who supply over 25 percent of the income for todays city. Nov 18, 2019 pilgrimage was the first tourism mobility to come into existence thousands of years ago.
Scholars in anthropology and tourism acknowledge the importance of souvenirs, but the treatment of these objects is indirect and often subsumed in a discussion of tourism graburn 1983, 1984, 1989. Some of the key themes and arguments of the book are summarized, and a brief overview of each chapter is offered. Some scholars take this argument further and describe tourism itself as spiritual journey or a sacred journey because it exhibits the spiritual quest inherent in pilgrimage graburn, 2001. When the tourist journey involves crossing cultural and societal boundaries, important consumption changes occur among both hosts and their guests. Many major tourism destinations have developed largely as a result of their connections to sacred people, places and events. Tourism is an important domain of consumption experience and a powerful force in precipitating new or unusual consumption behaviors. Nelson graburn, emeritus professor of anthropology, cochair, tourism.
Culinary tourism has since engendered a number of academic books and articles. A descriptive account of the island of jamaica, with remarks upon the cultivation of the sugarcane, throughout the different seasons of the year, and chiefly considered in a picturesque point of view. Pilgrimage, travels and encounters of identity in japanese. Nelson graburn, emeritus professor of anthropology, cochair. Tourism, religion and spiritual journeysprovides a comprehensive assessment of the primary issues and concepts related to the intersection of tourism and religion. Anthropologists research on ethnic tourism, trekking and rites of passage tourism, volunteer tourism, medical tourism and many other specialised forms of travel including couch surfing and philanthropy demonstrate the continuing leading position of the discipline under very different and often difficult circumstances. In the 1970s valene smith and nelson graburn collaboratively conjured up an anthropology of tourism, inspiring inquiry to this day.
Bowman, 1993, the first book devoted entirely to this new kind. Sacred journey graburn religious tourism early twentiethcentury work secular sites these keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. The ritualization of tourism comment on graburns the. To this extent, one wonders whether tourism in the western world, at least according to nelson h. One common theme of much of this work has been that tourism often involves the extension of tourists. John urry the tourist gaze 1990 nigel morganannette pritchard on souvenirs and metonymy. Article information, pdf download for relocating the tourist open epub for relocating the tourist.
Only one book chapter had been cited over 50 times on gs, this was graburn and nelson s chapter on tourism. Read, highlight, and take notes, across web, tablet, and phone. Key words tourist, conceptual overlaps, inner journeys, moralisation. The first time i heard about the academic study of tourisman undergraduate course the. We will begin with a discussion of colonial tourism, the relationship between colonialism and anthropology, and the roots of both tourism and anthropology in western imperialism. Anthropology department, university of california, berkeley, berkeley, ca 947203710 usa. Tourism one of the worlds largest industrieshas long been appreciated for its economic benefits, but in this volume tourism receives a unique systematic scrutiny as a medium for cultural exchange. Begley and kathryn coe, in defence of differentiating pilgrimage from tourism, international journal of tourism anthropology 2 1, 2012, pp. Sep 26, 2015 graburn, relying on van gennep and turner and turner, has shown how tourism can be understood as a journey to the sacred in an analogy with transition rites. Pilgrimage tourism energy transformation catholic shrines. View the article pdf and any associated supplements and figures for a period of 48 hours. Nelson graburn claims tourism is best understood as a necessary sociopsychological contrast, where one changes from the home mode to the tourist mode and moves from the ordinary or mundane state to the extraordinary or sacred state. Graburn presents an anthropological paradigm arguing for the sacredness of the tourists journey. Pilgrimage tourismpast, present and future rejuvenation.
Nelson graburn introduces the concept of tourism as a sacred journey providing a theoretical foundation for my own research and field experience of pilgrimage and tourism in the holy land. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves. The stage in tourism that resembles the liminal in rites of passage can be termed the liminoid or quasiliminal. Trips to a destination like las vegas, for example, involve a dramatic scrambling of regular norms of dress, eroticism, architecture, sleeping, and the interdependence of. The sacred journey 1989 eugenia peck the singaporean tourist 1989 harng luh sin volunteer tourism involve me and i will learn. The sociology of tourists first focused on their economic, and then their physical and socioc. The position of tourism as an expression of self, including the extent of control of self the ability and choice to travel, the decisions about destination and about how time is spent. Tourism is a new phenomenon in world history, but today more people travel long distances for this purpose than for any other. In recent decades, its significance has decreased, as other tourism segments have gained prominence. Religion, pilgrimage, and tourism 1st edition alex. Barbara nimri aziz, personal dimensions of the sacred journey.
As mentioned above, my own entry to the fi eld 1977 in which i argued that tourism is a sacred journey that shares many structural similarities with pilgrimage was. Graburns concept of tourism as a sacred journey a structurallynecessary, ritualized break from routines during which it is taboo for the tourist to. Your institution does not have access to this book on jstor. The position of tourism as an expression of self, including the extent. Maccannell 1973, 1976, pilgrimage and tourism might stand in for authentic vs.
Graburn department of anthropology university of california, berkeley, usa both these special issues of two international feminist journals bring attention to a very important and somewhat neglected topic. Usa in his introductory article to a special issue of this journal devoted to the anthropology of tourism, nelson graburn annals 10. Graburn is professor emeritus of anthropology at the university of california, berkeley. The anthropology of tourism, though novel in itself, rests upon sound. Sep 14, 2015 sacred journey graburn religious tourism early twentiethcentury work secular sites these keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. Hosts, guests and tourist arts on a sacred journey. Check out the new look and enjoy easier access to your favorite features. Nelson graburn 1977 described tourism as a secular ritual specifically on the grounds that travelers activities invert or suspend norms of the rest of life. R it is in this sense that the present author used the phrase tourism. Graburn s concept of tourism as a sacred journey a structurallynecessary, ritualized break from routines during which it is taboo for the tourist to workcontributed to the new area of anthropology of tourism that was emerging in the 1970s.
Nelson graburn university of california, berkeley academia. Nelson graburn at university of california, berkeley. Religion, pilgrimage, and tourism 1st edition alex norman. Graburn scientific research articles, journals, books, and. In other words, it is claimed by some that tourism is a sacred journey. Although modern tourism is regarded as a relatively new phenomenon, its origins are clearly rooted in the ageold practice of pilgrimage. The abstracts in publication notes are of articles, pamphlets or books. Combining shared interests with distinct empirical and theoretical models of relations and motives in tourism, they challenge all tourism researchers to a cosmopolitan balance of rights and multiculturalism. Pilgrimage was the first tourism mobility to come into existence thousands of years ago timothy and olsen, 2006. Stewart 1984 recognizes the depth of meanings found in souvenirs, but relies on a conceptual critique of selected research. Graburn 1983, 1989 suggested that tourism is a sacred journey, a means of physically and mentally relaxing, which happens periodically to help people reconcile with lifes challenges, much the same way devotees do during a religious pilgrimage.
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