High resolution sequence stratigraphic correlations of the coalbearing strata were conducted using data from four offshore wells and seven regional seismic reflection cross sections. In the case of sequence stratigraphy, the depositional sequence is defined as a relatively conformable succession of genetically related strata bounded by unconformities and their. Concepts in stratigraphy stratigraphy basic concepts lithostratigraphy sequence stratigraphy sea level and sediment supply consequences of changes in sea level types of sequences biostratigraphy other types of stratigraphy basic principles steno 1669 principal of original horizontality sediments deposited as essentially horizontal beds. G sulzberger drilled two oil prospecting wells at bracknell op1 and hagley op2 in the north of the longford subbasin matthews 1983.
The book cliffs are considered central to our understanding of the sequence stratigraphic paradigm. Facies and sequence stratigraphic analysis identifies six highresolution sequences within upper campanian strata across about 120 miles of the book cliffs in western colorado and eastern utah. This new book sets out to define and explain the concepts, principles and applications of this remarkably influential approach to the study of sedimentary strata. Expression of sequence stratigraphy in outcrop, the book. The campanian book cliffs extend for over 300 km from helper utah to. Cozzette sandstone member, mount garfield formation, book cliffs. Apr 01, 2015 sequence stratigraphic significance of sharpbased lowstand shoreface deposits, kenilworth member, book cliffs, utah aapg bull. But these units have subsequently been much discussed as examples of a type of highfrequency sequence stratigraphy that may have had a different origin, with regional tectonism and its effect on accommodation being the most favoured alternative e. Usgs dds69g facies analysis and sequence stratigraphic. A case study in coastal sequence stratigraphy, offered annually through w. Facies analysis and sequence stratigraphic framework of upper. A multidecadelong highresolution outcrop study has revealed that the campanian desert member blackhawk formation to lower castlegate sandstone interval in the book cliffs of utah and colorado western usa does not fit the conventional sequence stratigraphic model. The upper cretaceous book cliffs of eastern utah and western colorado are a worldclass field laboratory for studying clastic sedimentology, sedimentary architecture, and sequence stratigraphy.
Sequence stratigraphy sequence stratigraphy correlates rock bodies on the basis of where they fall within a cycle of base level fluctuation, focusing on bounding allostratigraphic unconformable surfaces. Miall and mohamud arush, journaljournal of sedimentary research, year. Pdf using the book cliffs, utah as a case study to teach. The book cliffs form a large continuous escarpment 250 km that is aligned wnwese, oblique to regional depositional dip figs 2 and 3a. This page lists some of the literature click on pdfadobe icons to. The book cliffs of utah have become the premier locality globally for field teaching of sequence stratigraphy. Using classic outcrops to revise sequence stratigraphic. Upper cretaceous sandstones, book cliffs, utahcolorado three macroscopic diagenetic. Book cliffs, utah and colorado, usa,from which widelyapplied conceptual models of highresolution sequence stratigraphy that invoke a relative sealevel control were developed during the 1980s and1990se. Controls on largeascale patterns of fluvial sandbody. Cretaceous strata enza river, italy, and blackhawk formation, in the book cliffs, respectively.
Book cliffs data sets are often used as outcrop analogues for similar subsurface settings worldwide. Upper cretaceous strata exposed in the book cliffs of eastcentral utah are widely used as an archetype for the sequence stratigraphy of marginalmarine and shallowmarine deposits. Shanley and mccabe 1994 and in the ericson formation in wyoming to the north steel et al. The book cliffs, utah have become the premier locality globally for field teaching of sequence stratigraphy. Sequence stratigraphy is a major research subject in the geosciences academia and the oil industry. Lithostratigraphy correlates rock bodies on the basis of physical characteristics and stratigraphic position.
Member, blackhawk formation, books cliffs, utah matthew ritter sequence stratigraphy and diagenesis of the short creek oolite member, keokuk limestone. Geological survey professional paper 1625b, assessment, chapter k of geologic assessment of coal in the colorado plateau. Pdf the castlegate sandstone of the book cliffs, utah. Hampson 2010 can be extended into the star point sandstone and blackhawk formation of the wasatch plateau to provide a. Methodology and nomenclature octavian catuneanu1, william e. This was the graduation day for now seasoned sequence stratigraphers, followed by a quick look at tidalites in the sego formation and an unexpected 16mile wild ride through the top of the cliffs.
The focus is on correlation of parasequences and sequence stratigraphic surfaces. At their western limit, the book cliffs pass into the northsouthtrending wasatch plateau, whichis oriented obliqueto regional depositional strike figs 2 and 3b. The desert member of the blackhawk formation and the castlegate sandstone in the book cliffs of utah and colorado were analyzed to develop a model of sequence stratigraphy and facies architecture in foreland basins. However, the geoscience education literature addressing students understanding of the basic concepts of sequence stratigraphy is relatively thin, and the topic has not been well explored. This page lists some of the literature click on pdfadobe icons to download pdf files of papers on the book cliffs sedimentary record and its sequence stratigraphic character in response to base level change. Cretaceous and tertiary formations of the book cliffs carbon. Pdf highresolution sequencestratigraphic correlation. Stratal geometry and the systematic arrangement of associated facies so elegantly portrayed in the sequence stratigraphic. These two wells provide the most complete stratigraphic. The six sequences are named after prominent sandstone units and include, in ascending order, upper sego sequence, neslen sequence, corcoran sequence, buck. However, floodtidal delta assemblages between fluviodeltaic deposits that are present north of rangely, colorado are absent from the book cliffs area. Pdf definition a methodology of stratigraphic interpretation that uses.
The desert member of the blackhawk formation and the castlegate sandstone in the book cliffs of utah and colorado were analyzed to develop a model of sequence stratigraphy and facies architecture. Sequence stratigraphy, geodynamics, and detrital geo. These famous rocks arguably represent the best exposed deltaic rocks in the world and have been used to develop, test and refine sedimentological and stratigraphic ideas and models over the years, including the principles and concepts of sequence stratigraphy. Book cliffs sequence stratigraphy aapg datapagesarchives. The future defined 2017 gcssepm conference, december 45, 2017, houston, texas. In the 1980s, exxon scientists used the cretaceous strata of the book cliffs to develop the science of sequence stratigraphy. Linking diagenesis to sequence stratigraphy wiley online. It constitutes a classic foreland basin clastic wedge, which developed in response to uplift and erosion along the sevier orogen during the late cretaceous. The book cliffs have preserved excellent strata of the foreland basin of the ancient western interior seaway that stretched north from the gulf of mexico to the yukon in the cretaceous time.
Sequence stratigraphy field camp black hills natural. Building blocks of the sequence stratigraphic framework fundamental principles a sequence stratigraphic framework may consist of three different types of sequence stratigraphic unit, namely sequences, systems tracts, and parasequences. The book cliffs are one of the worlds best places to study sequence stratigraphy. Sequence stratigraphy, paleogeography, and tectonic. Stratal architecture of these rocks is controlled by two regionally extensive surfaces of incision and subaerial exposure interpreted as major sequence boundaries, and at least six surfaces of incision and subaerial exposure with more limited lateral extent, interpreted as minor.
The campanian book cliffs strata of eastern utah and western colorado has been used to develop, test and refine sedimentological and stratigraphic ideas and models over the years, including the principles and concepts of sequence stratigraphy. Using the book cliffs, utah as a case study to teach concepts of sedimentology and stratigraphy william w little purposethe purpose of using a semesterlong case study to teach principles and concepts of sedimentary geology is to present material in a manner that shows rela book cliffs, utah andrew d. Sequence stratigraphy and genetic stratigraphy differ primarily in the way that fundamental depositional units are defined figure 1. Sequence stratigraphy lamontdoherty earth observatory. Sequence stratigraphic interpretations have previously been published for the alluvial castlegate sandstone in the northern book cliffs olsen et al. These two wells provide the most complete stratigraphic section through the basin. The early sequence stratigraphic models used sinusoidal changes in. Sequence stratigraphy of transitional systems book cliffs, utah this field course aims at teaching sedimentology and sequence stratigraphy at an introductory level and illustrate how this can and should be used as a powerful tool both in reservoir description and prediction at various scales. Do not fit the conventional sequence stratigraphic model. Sequence stratigraphy of transitional systems book cliffs.
Components of deltaic and shallow marine reservoirs are very well preserved in the book cliffs. Facies and sequencestratigraphic analysis identifies six highresolution sequences within upper campanian strata across about 120 miles of the book cliffs in. The sequence stratigraphy of the sego sandstone member in northwest colorado is similar to that documented in the book cliffs area to the southsouthwest, sharing three sequence boundaries. The mesaverde group is wellexposed in the book cliffs of eastcentral utah and western colorado. Continuous, wellexposed and easilyaccessible outcrops make it possible to analyze facies relationships of stratigraphic sequences in great detail, both in terms of lateral variation systems tracts and vertical stacking patterns. The desert and castlegate sandstones, 2001 pages iiii, 181.
Sequence stratigraphy quantitative sedimentology consortium. Use of spectral gammaray data to refine subsurface. Highresolution sequence stratigraphy of cretaceous. Can sequence stratigraphic concepts be applied in mudrock. Western missouri julienne ruth emery controls on topographynbuilding phases in cyclothemic carbonates. Book cliffs, which expose the same strata in an overall dip orientation fig. The recurrence of the same types of sequence stratigraphic surface through geologic time defines. Seismic stratigraphy has now become one of the standard tools of the geoscientist, and there is a pressing need for an introductory text on sequence stratigraphy.
Pdf fourthorder nonmarine to marine sequences, middle. Stratal architecture of these rocks is controlled by two. Identifying students conceptions of basic principles in. Reevaluating the sedimentology and sequence stratigraphy. The book cliffs of eastern utah and western colorado have been pivotal in the development of outcropbased sequence stratigraphic concepts for nonmarine to shallow marine siliciclastic depositional settings. Earlier stratigraphic work had predicted that at the type section of the castlegate formation, the castle gate, near price, utah, the unit consists of two sequences separated by a sequence boundary representing approximately one million years of unrecorded time. Upper cretaceous strata exposed in the book cliffs of eastcentral utah are widely used as an archetype for the sequence.
Is there a role for sequence stratigraphy in chronostratigraphy. A core component of the sequence stratigraphic model is the implicit assumption of a rising and falling relative sealevel curve, with the occurrence of sequence boundaries, formed during intervals of sealevel fall. Dip oriented cross section of the campanian book cliffs strata showing. Sequence stratigraphy, paleogeography, and tectonic controls, authora. Arush, 2001a, the castlegate sandstone of the book cliffs, utah. This page lists some of the literature click on pdf adobe icons to.
Eustatic driver response in an ancient continent margin turbidite system, neoproterozoic windermere supergroup, western canada r. Pattison is professor of geology at brandon university where hespecializes in marginal to shallowmarine clastic sedimentology, sedimentaryarchitecture, sequence stratigraphy, and reservoir modelling. Published online by the canadian society of petroleum. Thus, the existing stratigraphic framework of the shallowmarine blackhawk formation in the book cliffs balsley 1980. Day 4 price autogenic stratigraphy of the book cliffs day 5 project reconcile sequence stratigraphic interpretations with autogenic processes day 6 san rafael swell quantitative paleoenvironment reconstruction buckhorn conglomerate, morrison formation, curtis formation day 7 green river nonmarine sequence stratigraphy. Sequence stratigraphy of transitional systems book. Sequence stratigraphy and marine to nonmarine facies architecture of foreland basin strata, book cliffs, utah, u. Aug 29, 2015 stratigraphic overview for a professional field course titled. Implications for the highresolution correlation of falling stage nonmarine, marginalmarine, and marine strata, in morgan, l. The recurrence of the same types of sequence stratigraphic surface through geologic time defines cycles of change in accommodation or sediment supply, which correspond to sequences in the rock record.
Haughton a practical based on outcrop and subsurface information from one of the classic sequence stratigraphic datasets, the book cliffs in utah, usa, a 100 km traverse from the coastal plain to offshore shelf. Request pdf carbonate cementation in a sequencestratigraphic framework. Their stratal architectures are classically interpreted in terms of accommodation controls that were external to the sediment routing system allogenic, and that forced the formation of flooding surfaces. Nov 23, 2016 facies analysis and sequence stratigraphic framework of upper campanian strata neslen and mount garfield formations, bluecastle tongue of the castlegate sandstone, and mancos shale, eastern book cliffs, colorado and utah by mark a. Sequence stratigraphy also allows a stratigraphic succession to be put into a time framework which in turn allows the depositional history and paleogeographic evolution to be interpreted against a background of baselevel changes. Each type of unit is defined by specific facies relationships, stratal stacking patterns, and bounding. The difficulty in the transgressive seas explanation for. Introduction several controversies have emerged in forelandbasin stratigraphy since the mid1980s, and two key questions are at the heart of these debates. The correlations were achieved utilizing the control of base level change on nonmarine sequence stratigraphy, basin fill depositional patterns and coal accumulation. Such interpretations provide the predictive aspect of sequence stratigraphy. Formation and the castlegate sandstone in the book cliffs of utah and colorado were analyzed to develop a model of sequence stratigraphy and facies architecture in foreland basins. Heavy emphases are placed on constructing and interpreting facies models and on applying principles of sequence stratigraphy. A comparison with standard sequence for the rocky moun tains region indicates that.
Highresolution sequence stratigraphy of clastic shelves iii. Continuous, wellexposed and easilyaccessible outcrops make it possible to analyze facies relationships of stratigraphic sequences in great detail, both in terms of lateral variation systems tracts and vertical stacking patterns parasequences. Wheelers confusion and the seismic revolution sepm. Coal gulch book cliffs depositional setting coal measures sequence stratigraphy coal bed methane developments 27. Reevaluating the sedimentology and sequence stratigraphy of. Lectures and labs are built around case studies, including the book cliffs, ut for clastic successions and the beaverhead mountain range, id for carbonates. Sequence stratigraphy is a branch of geology that attempts to subdivide and link sedimentary deposits into unconformity bound units on a variety of scales and explain these stratigraphic units in terms of variations in sediment supply and variations in the rate of change in accommodation space relative sea level, the combination of eustatic sea level and tectonic subsidence.
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